Privacy, As Defined By The Merriam-Webster’S Dictionary

Privacy, as defined by the Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary is, â€Å"the quality or state of being apart from company or observation†(Merriam-Webster, 2011), and â€Å"freedom from unauthorized intrusion†(Merriam-Webster, 2011). Interestingly, the Constitution of the United States does not expressly protect a person s right to privacy! There are however some provisions to privacy within the Bill of Right and the Amendments to the Constitution that do. Among them are the first amendment, that ensures the privacy or belief, the third Amendment, that guarantees the privacy of the home, and the fourth amendment, that guarantees the privacy of person and possession. It is the fourth amendment that this paper looks at in the context of the State of†¦show more content†¦The obvious first answer is, do not break the law! Interestingly, if one plans on breaking the law, they should not consent to a search and keep you illegal activity out of view of law enforcement from any angle. Looking at the case of the State of California versus Dante Ciraolo. On September 2, 1982, Detective John Schutz of the Santa Clara Police Department received an anonymous phone complaint about someone growing marijuana in their yard. Detective Schutz, a member of the Narcotics Division, went to the location given by the caller to investigate. When he arrived at the intersection of Stebbins Avenue and Clark Avenue, he noticed the residence at 2085 Clark Avenue. From his location on the street (figure 1) Detective Schultz observed a six-foot privacy fence with an inner fence of about ten feet in height, as such, Detective Schultz could not see any evidence of any marijuana cultivation or other criminal activity. Based on his training Detective Schultz knew marijuana growers frequently used greenhouses, fencing, or other means to obscure the view of the illegal activities to avoid arrest. Undeterred with his finding on the ground, Detective Schultz along with Narcotics Agent R. Rodrig uez chartered an airplane and flew over the residence at 2085 Clark Avenue. From an altitude of one thousand feet, both could visually see marijuana plants growing in the back yard behind the tall fence (figureShow MoreRelatedPrivacy Versus Security: Personal Data and Internet Use, Is Your Privacy Being Eroded?2458 Words   |  10 PagesPrivacy versus Security: Personal Data Internet Use There are many Americans who are perplexed by the very topic of Internet Privacy as well as the security of their personal data. While the topics, privacy and security are clearly defined by Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary as two different things, they possess the ability to work together while one does not encroach upon the other. While these are two different topics, there are some that make the mistake of using these terms interchangeablyRead MoreThe Immortality of Abortion3138 Words   |  13 Pagesconstitutional right of the mother. (Smolin, 2001) The National Abortion Right Act League argues that without legal abortion, women would be denied their constitutional right of privacy and liberty. The womans right to her own body subordinates those of the fetus, and the U.S. Supreme Court in Roe v. Wade argued that the womans right to privacy overruled the fetus right to life. The decision in Roe v. Wade did not define nor protect the constitutional rights of the f ather or the fetus. In 2001, a new ChineseRead MoreThe Gardens Of Democracy By Eric Liu And Nick Hanauer1571 Words   |  7 Pagesoccur in the world of Politics. Democracy is also involved with several contemporary issues. According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary (merriam-webster.com 2014), the word democracy is defined as a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections (merriam-webster.com 2014 ). Like in many political parties, democracy faces several political issues throughoutRead MoreThe Ethics Of Collection Practices And Use Of Big Data Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pageslogically follow. ï‚ § Big Data (http://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2014/09/03/12-big-data-definitions-whats-yours/#23027dc021a9) ï‚ § Big data and its definition has changed over the years. In a 2011 research project by MGI and Mckinsey’s Business’ defined big data as †¢ â€Å"datasets whose size is beyond the ability of typical database software tools to capture, store, manage, and analyze,† the McKinsey researchers acknowledged that â€Å"this definition is intentionally subjective and incorporates a movingRead MoreThe Artifacts of Rock and Pop517 Words   |  2 Pagesconsidered precious. Christie’s Rock Pop Memorabilia by Peter Doggett and Sarah Hodgson describes the basic information of artists and their now famous music and artifacts. If you are wondering what a memorabilia is, in Merriam-Webster’s dictionary a memorabilia is defined as, â€Å"objects or materials that are collected because they are related to a particular event, person, etc.† The ages of rock and pop have had an abundance of memorabilia that is worthy of recognition. Memorabilia is an importantRead MoreAdvantages Of A Virtual Team1535 Words   |  7 PagesQuite simply, a team is by the Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary as a â€Å"group of individuals working together to achieve a common pre-defined goal.† Traditional teams consist of individuals working in physical proximity, the same office building or city. A virtual team refers to â€Å"a group of individuals who are geographically dispersed, but are united by a shared goal through the use if informational technologies.† (McShane, p. 208) A virtual team consists of talent across cities, provinces, culturesRead MorePaparazzi Go Too Far2499 Words   |  10 PagesWhen the Paparazzi Go Too Far 1. Introduction Everyone who is interested in pop culture and the entertainment industry knows who the paparazzi are. According to Merriam-Webster’s dictionary, the term paparazzi is defined as â€Å"a free lance photographer who aggressively pursues celebrities for the purpose of taking candid photographs.† The term actually came from a film from the 1960’s called ‘La Dolce Vita’, directed by Federico Fellini. A character in the film was a news photographer namedRead MoreEssay on Surveillance and the right of privacy1877 Words   |  8 PagesSurveillance and the Right of Privacy Introduction to Surveillance: According to Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary, surveillance is defined as a â€Å"close kept watch over someone or something (as by a detective).† Surveillance has been used ever since the days of, â€Å"Follow that cab!† From their primitive state, surveillance techniques and technology have evolved. Policing agencies no longer need to use methods of surveillance such as listening through walls, looking through windows andRead MoreTaking a Look at Government Surveillance2224 Words   |  9 Pagesperhaps a international war. However you have to sacrifice your private life, and business for increased protection and surveillance. Government surveillance, defined by dictionary.com as a noun that states â€Å" Close observation or supervision maintained over a person, group, etc, especially one in custody or under suspicion†(Merriam-webster.com) the word was also taken from the French word surveiller that means to watch over and was adopted and changed as the English word surveillance. GovernmentRead MoreContainment in Boxes1899 Words   |  8 Pagestalk about boxes and not use the words ‘hold’ or ‘contain’. Let us look at the definition of these three words first: box, container, and hold. Webster’s dictionary (2014) defines a box as â€Å"a rigid typically rectangular container with or without a cover.† And a container as â€Å"an object (such as a box or can) that can hold something.† The word hold is defined as â€Å" to have or keep (something) in your hand, arms,; to put your arms around (someone): to embrace or hug (someone); or to put or keep (something

The Bluest Eyes By Toni Morrison - 951 Words

Society’s perception of women is based on certain characteristics; Toni Morrison demonstrates this through her characters. Claudia, the youngest character, represents innocence that is conflicted between her own sensible judgment and what is expected of her. Pauline internalizes expectations, and lives accordingly, but lacks self-identity. Having no sense of self she finds herself seeking validation from those who should not affect her. The Bluest Eyes by Toni Morrison focuses on the hardships that women of color face when seeking acceptance from society. She depicts how detrimental it is to believe that a woman’s self worth is determined by society’s unrealistic standards of beauty and femininity. It is said that beauty is in the eyes of the beholder, but in reality there seems to be only one standard to beauty. Although it was never stated in the novel that light skin was the epitome of beauty, it was very much imposed upon the female characters. When Claudia receives a fair skinned doll she is perplexed by how the women around her respond to it. â€Å"The loving gift was always a blue-eyes baby doll. I knew that the doll represented what they thought was my fondest wish† they force the doll upon her, and in a larger sense it represents the passing of the torch. Claudia doesn’t understand the women’s fascination with the doll, and feels inferior to it because she knows no one has ever stared at her in that manner. Her confusion turns into rage as she tears apart the dollShow MoreRelatedThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1720 Words   |  7 Pagesof The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison, criticizes the danger of race discrimination for any kinds of situations with no exception. The purpose of the paper is explain how pervasive and destructive social racism was bound to happen in American society. The intended audiences are not only black people, but also other races had suffered racism until now. I could find out and concentra te on the most notable symbols which are whiteness, blue eyes and the characterization while reading the novel. Toni MorrisonRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1587 Words   |  7 Pagessaid, â€Å"We were born to die and we die to live.† Toni Morrison correlates to Nelson’s quote in her Nobel Lecture of 1993, â€Å"We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.† In Toni Morrison’s novel, The Bluest Eye, she uses language to examine the concepts of racism, lack of self-identity, gender roles, and socioeconomic hardships as they factor into a misinterpretation of the American Dream. Morrison illustrates problems that these issues provoke throughRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison956 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Slavery Influenced the Characters of The Bluest Eye Unlike so many pieces of American literature that involve and examine the history of slavery and the years of intensely-entrenched racism that ensued, the overall plot of the novel, The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, does not necessarily involve slavery directly, but rather examines the aftermath by delving into African-American self-hatred. Nearly all of the main characters in The Bluest Eye who are African American are dominated by the endlessRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1189 Words   |  5 PagesA standard of beauty is established by the society in which a person lives and then supported by its members in the community. In the novel The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, we are given an extensive understanding of how whiteness is the standard of beauty through messages throughout the novel that whiteness is superior. Morrison emphasizes how this ideality distorts the minds and lives of African-American women and children. He emphasizes that in order for African-American wom en to survive in aRead MoreThe Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison1095 Words   |  5 PagesSocial class is a major theme in the book The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison. Toni Morrison is saying that there are dysfunctional families in every social class, though people only think of it in the lower class. Toni Morrison was also stating that people also use social class to separate themselves from others and apart from race; social class is one thing Pauline and Geraldine admire.Claudia, Pecola, and Frieda are affected by not only their own social status, but others social status too - for exampleRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison2069 Words   |  9 Pagesblack/whiteness. Specifically, white people were positioned at the upper part of the hierarchy, whereas, African Americans were inferior. Consequently, white people were able to control and dictate to the standards of beauty. In her novel, ‘The Bluest Eye’, Toni Morrison draws upon symbolism, narrative voice, setting and id eals of the time to expose the effects these standards had on the different characters. With the juxtaposition of Claudia MacTeer and Pecola Breedlove, who naively conforms to the barrierRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1103 Words   |  5 Pages Toni Morrison is known for her prized works exploring themes and issues that are rampant in African American communities. Viewing Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye from a psychoanalytical lens sheds light onto how, as members of a marginalized group, character’s low self-esteem reflect into their actions, desires, and defense mechanisms. In her analysis of psychoanalytical criticism, Lois Tyson focuses on psychological defense mechanisms such as selective perception, selective memory, denialRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, encompasses the themes of youth, gender, and race. The African American Civil Rights Movement had recently ended at the time the novel was written. In the book, Morrison utilizes a first-person story to convey her views on racial inequality. The protagonist and her friends find themselves in moments where they are filled with embarrassment and have a wish to flee such events. Since they are female African Americans, they are humiliated in society. One of Morrison’sRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1462 Words   |  6 PagesBildungsroman literature in the 20th century embodies the virtues of different authors’ contexts and cultures, influencing the fictional stories of children’s lives around the wo rld.. The Bluest Eye is a 1970 publication by Toni Morrison set in 1940s Ohio in America, focal around the consequence of racism in an American community on the growth of a child, distinct in its use of a range of narrative perspectives. Annie John by Jamaica Kincaid is a novel set in post colonial Antigua, published in 1985Read MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison992 Words   |  4 PagesSet in the 1940s, during the Great Depression, the novel The Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, illustrates in the inner struggles of African-American criticism. The Breedloves, the family the story revolves around a poor, black and ugly family. They live in a two-room store front, which is open, showing that they have nothing. In the family there is a girl named Pecola Breedlove, she is a black and thinks that she is ugly because she is not white. Pecola’s father, Cholly Breedlove, goes through humiliated

Digital Espionage Free Essays

Attacks on sites had been a common occurence ever since the boom of the Internet market, and it is only usual for people to get into the business themselves either legally or ilegally. Since the occurence of these attacks anti-virus companies had been built, adding yet another business into the market. But the level of attacks had been vastly improving, and one example is what happened on Google, one of the world’s leading search engine. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Espionage or any similar topic only for you Order Now On January 12, 2010, Google announced on its blog that it had been attacked. It was said to have occured from mid last year and finished last December. Google stated that over 20 other companies including Adobe and Microsoft, had also been victims. On that same day, US Secretary Hilary Clinton publicly asked for an explanation from the Chinese government. Google became aware of the attack themselves, through their inside sources. According to Newsweek, at the time, they contacted Rafal Rohozinski, CEO of The SecDev Group (a global security and research firm) because the attack was very similar to GhostNet (a large scale cyber spying event last March 2009) and they wanted to know what they could share that might be helpful to their in-house investigation. The attack seems to be emanating from the jurisdiction of China. Google said that the hackers were interested in accessing the Gmail accounts of Chinese human rights activists. According to the Financial Times, a person named Ai Weiwei had his two accounts hacked, their contents read and copied. On the others, however, they were only able to view limited details such as the subject line and the creation date of the account. It was said that the attack started when an employee in China click on an infected linked, which was sent through an instant message. The attacker was able to access the person’s computer, and eventually Google’s headquarters in California. It also accessed Google’s Moma, an intenal directory that stores information on each of the employees work task. Carlos Carillo, principal consultant of Mandiant (security incident response and forensics firm) was also called in by Google. He said that it was â€Å"definitely one of the most sophisticated attacks I’ve seen in the last few years†¦ This wasn’t something that a 16-year-old came up in his spare time. † He said that they’ve seen similar attacks like this on the government, but never on the commercial space. The level of the attack had certainly been done by a group of experts. Last January 14, 2010, McAfee reported that the attackers had exploited zero-day vulnerabilities and called the attack â€Å"Operation Aurora†. They exploited a hole in Microsoft’s Internet Explorer even if their DEP (Data Execution Prevention) was turned on. The vulnerability affects Internet Explorer versions 6, 7, and 8 on Windows 7, Vista, Windows XP, Server 2003, Server 2008 R2, as well as IE 6 Service Pack 1 on Windows 2000 Service Pack 4. It would be very hard to exploit the flaw on Windows Vista or Windows 7, however, because of its advanced memory protection technology. Zero-day vulnerabilities are those flaws that are unknown to the developer. When the attacker discovers the vulnerability before the developer does, it can prove to be very dangerous. The attacker can either use the vulnerability to copy the information and make a similar program and then sell it to the market, or he can use the vulnerability to directly destroy the program of the developer. As with Google, analysts said that â€Å"China is likely using its maturing computer network exploitation capability to support intelligence collection against the U. S. government and industry by conducting a long term, sophisticated computer network exploitation campaign. † At least 10 to 20 terabytes of data had been taken from Google and other companies. Days after the attack, the exploit had been opened to the public, which are now dangerous to the internet community. Paul Ducklin, Head of Technology (Asia Pacific) from Sophos Lab(developer and vendor of security software and hardware), explained how the exploit on Google was done. The Aurora explot relies on a used-after free bug. The exploit uses java script to control over the browser as it crashes. The exploit has all the usual javascript tricks: heap spray (technique used to facilitate arbitary code execution) and nop sleds (No Operation Execution, meaning to â€Å"slide† the instruction on its final destination) . At the end of the nop sled is the shellcode, (the actual malicious binary code that the hacker wants to execute) and a coming bid which uses javascript events that tricks the browser into misusing memory in the first place. He went to a test server wherein he edited the shellcode, that contains debug breakpoints and he added some human readable text â€Å"WARHEAD† so that if the computer crashed he can visually confirm that it was into the computer’s shellcode. He tried it in IE 6, wherein he put it in the debug controller and only attaching debug to it (the reason for doing so is of course because of the debug breakpoints, so if the exploit actually works, he can track back into the debugger). Then he clicked on Internet Explorer and visited the malicious site. The exploit actually relies on fetching image files. It worked when he tried to see the address on the debugger, â€Å"WARHEAD† came out. Usually, a good anti-virus program can protect internet users from these kind of exploits. In order to fix the IE flaw, Microsoft stepped out of its normal monthly patch cycle to release a patch. The users of IE are now required to run Windows update and click on MS10-002 update to fix it. Meanwhile, Google announced that it would stop censoring its search results in China. David Drimmond, Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Chief Legal Officer of Google said â€Å"Users visiting Google. cn are now being redirected to Google. com. hk, where we are offering uncensored search in simplified Chinese, specifically designed for users in mainland China and delivered via our servers in Hong Kong. † Censorship in China had been a rule to maintain the country’s communism. Censhorship prevents unapproved reformist, separatist, â€Å"counter-revolutionary† ideas from organizing themselves and spreading. It also prevents Chinese citizens from discovering or learning more about past and current failures of the Communist Party that could create or inflame anti-government sentiment. They had also intended on blocking foreign government websites to prevent the people from learning alternative systems of governance . What Google did was a risky step because China may stop doing business with Google altogether. And China, is one of the most sought-after market in the world today. Analysts expects China’s search market to reach 10 billion yuan ($1.46 billion) this year. However, in 5 to 10 years, what Google did may prove to be advantageous for them. Ben Sargent, an analyst with Common Sense Advisory, a market research company said that â€Å"As a culture, China is much more long-term thinking than most other cultures. No other government takes such long-term views as the Chinese government,† Sargent said. â€Å"So Google is trying to out-Chinese the Chinese in terms of making a really long-term play for young people’s hearts and minds in China. â€Å" Google had always been concerned on its position in China, but the country is too big of a market to ignore. As what Rohozinski have said, â€Å"Engagement is better than exclusion. † You can do a lot more for the people if you work from the inside than just standing around and watching. Google went in with their eyes wide open. Sergey Brin(founder of Google), who had been from the Soviet Union understood China on its political views. The cyber spying just gave them the opportunity to make their stand and make the world praise them for it. How to cite Digital Espionage, Papers

Ode To Autumn free essay sample

This is the most faultless of Keats’s odes in point of construction. The first stanza gives us the bounty of Autumn, the second describes the occupations of the season, and the last dwells upon its sounds. Indeed, the poem is a complete and concrete picture of Autumn, â€Å"the season of mists and mellow fruitfulness†. Its Sensuousness The bounty of Autumn has been described with all its sensuous appeal. The vines suggesting grapes, the apples, the gourds, the hazels with their sweet kernel, the bees suggesting honey—all these appeal to our senses of taste and smell. The whole landscape is made to appear fresh and scented. There is great concentration in each line of the first stanza. Each line is like the branch of a fruit-tree laden with fruit to the breaking-point. Its Vivid Imagery The second stanza contains some of the most vivid pictures in English poetry. Keats’s pictorial quality is here seen at its best. We will write a custom essay sample on Ode To Autumn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Autumn is personified and presented to us in the figure of the winnower, â€Å"sitting careless on a granary floor†, the reaper â€Å"on a half-reaped furrow sound asleep†, the gleaner keeping â€Å"steady thy laden head across a brook†, and a spectator watching with patient look a cider-press and the last oozings therefrom. The reaper, the winnower, the gleaner, and the cider-presser symbolise Autumn. These pictures make the poem human and universal because the eternal labours of man are brought before the eyes of the reader. The Poet’s Keen Observation of Nature The third stanza is a collection of the varied sounds of Autumn—the choir of gnats, the bleating of lambs, the singing of crickets, the whistling of red-breasts, and the twittering of swallows. Keats’s interest in small and homely creatures is fully evidenced in these lines. The whole poem demonstrates Keats’s interest in Nature and his keen and minute observation of natural sights and sounds. Keats’s responsiveness and sensitivity to natural phenomena is one of the striking qualities of his poetry. Its Objectivity and its Greek Character The poem is characterised by complete objectivity. The poet keeps himself absolutely out of the picture. Nor docs he express any emotion whether of joy or melancholy. He gives the objects of feeling, not the feeling itself. The poem is written in a calm and serene mood. There is no discontent, no anguish, no bitterness of any kind. There is no philosophy in the poem, no allegory, no inner meaning. We are just brought face to face with â€Å"Nature in all her richness of tint and form†. The poem breathes the spirit of Greek poetry. In fact, it is one of the most Greek compositions by Keats. There is the Greek touch in the personification of Autumn and there is the Greek note in the poet’s impersonal manner of dwelling upon Nature. Felicity of Diction We have here the usual felicity of diction for which Keats is famous. Phrases like â€Å"mellow fruitfulness†, â€Å"maturing sun†, â€Å"hair soft-lifted†, â€Å"barred clouds† which â€Å"bloom the soft-dying day†, â€Å"hilly bourn† are examples of Keats’s happy coinages. Nor is poetic artifice wanting to add beauty to the verse. The alliteration in the following lines is, for instance, noteworthy: To smell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells With a sweet kernel; to set budding more, And still more, later flowers for the bees, Until they think warm days will never cease, For summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells. Several words here contain the same â€Å"z† sound—hazel, shells, flowers, bees, days, cease, cells. The abundance of â€Å"m† sound in these lines is also noteworthy: plump, more, warm, summer, brimni’d clammy. Its Form The rhyme-scheme in this ode is the same (except for a little variation) in all the stanzas each of which consists of 11 lines. Thus it is a â€Å"regular† ode. A Critic’s Comment â€Å"Most satisfying of all the Odes, in thought and expression, is the Ode To Autumn. Most satisfying because, for all the splendour of diction in the others, there are times when the poetic fire dwindles for a moment, whereas in this ode, from its inception to its close, matter and manner are not only superbly blended, but every line carries its noble freight of beauty. The first stanza is a symphony of colour, the second a symphony of movement, the third a symphony of sound. The artist shapes the first and last, and in the midst the man, the thinker, gives us its human significance. Thus is the poem perfected, its sensuous imagery enveloping as it were its vital idea. †