Ethical Issues in Organizational Behavior free essay sample

Corporations will usually provide their employees with a mission statement that often includes the company’s expectations in ethical matters. It is important for the company to instill this code of conduct to their employees. It is even more important for that company to follow the guidelines that they lay out for their employees. Unfortunately, this is not usually the case. It is prudent for the companies to not act in an unethical manner as it may cause problems with customers, sales, or even the environment.An article in Corporate Finance Review, by Marianne Jennings, evaluates five companies that faced huge public relations issues because of unethical behavior. One company included in the article, is the ever notorious BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Before the BP oil spill took place, managers working for the company were ignoring major safety concerns in the hopes of meeting their increasingly small budget. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Issues in Organizational Behavior or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to the author, â€Å"the internal report on what went wrong stated that (mangers) put off repairing the pump in the context of a tight cost budget† (Jennings, 2011, para. ). Unfortunately, major safety concerns were not addressed until after the worst oil spill in history occurred. Another company addressed in this article, is Toyota and the very public problem with sudden acceleration. This company initially disregarded customer complaints that their may be a problem with their cars. They later claimed the issue could be fixed by removing the floor mats. The company was insisting that the issue was â€Å"limited and fixable at a low cost† (Jennings, 2011, para. 14).However, four days after Toyota released their solution to the public, a fatal truck accident occurred because of sudden unexplained acceleration even after the driver removed the floor mats. Four people died in the accident. Both situations (Toyota acceleration issue and the BP oil spill) may have been avoided if people were to act in an ethical manner instead of bypassing safety concerns. Both companies have suffered a great deal more than they would have if they were to have corrected the safety concerns before the disasters.However, unethical decision making led to a loss of lives, loss of sales, loss of trust, and severe damage to the environment. Ethical issues are a major concern to organizations because they cause such huge issues with the public. People were very upset about the lives of the people lost on the rig and the extreme impact the spill had on the environment. This undoubtedly had a large effect on the way the public views the company. It will be difficult if not impossible to reverse the damage to BP’s name. Ethical issues are also a major concern to corporations because they tend to cost the company a lot of money. If unethical decisions are seen, it is likely that employees will view business ethics as unimportant to the company. Individual influences can greatly impact ethical behavior. Technology, for instance, makes it easier for one to act in an unethical manner. One can download music from a website and have a cd that is worth fourteen dollars without paying anything. It may not feel like stealing because the person is detached from the seller, however it is stealing. Most people who download music illegally do not regard it as such. It is important for corporations to act in an ethical manner. When a company acts in an unethical manner, many problems can arise. It is in the company’s best interest to act in an ethical manner to avoid loss in customers or a loss in money. References Jennings, M. (2011). It’s not the pr that’s bad: the ethics may be the problem

BlackBerry and the Millennial Generation essays

BlackBerry and the Millennial Generation essays BlackBerry Messaging. Who knew such a simple term could mean so much in our society today? This invention introduced to the public in 1999 not only spread like rapid fire but created a phenomenon across the world. Some may argue this term, BlackBerry Messaging, is just a reproduction of text messaging, which was first used in 1992 but when one actually compares the two they notice an immense amount of differences. BlackBerry phones have become so popular that their initial audience is no longer just people in the business field. This Smartphone introduced an entire side of communication that nobody knew previously existed. Just as phone calls, text messages, emails, the Internet and voicemails expanded mass media and forms of communication, Blackberries are now allowing all of these ideas to be compiled into one device. With this being said, BlackBerry messaging is a more efficient form of text messaging in which our generation today mistakes for an intellectual form of social interaction among their peers. Although many may think that the Smartphone was recently invented because it has become so popular over the course of the past five years, it was actually created in 1999. It was first introduced in Germany however a Canadian company entitled Research In Motion made it. The phone did not become the new craze until the twenty- first century when it was remodeled. Proof of this came "In November of 2004, Research In Motion announced that there were over two million BlackBerry subscribers worldwide. This was up from one million earlier in the year" (The History of the BlackBerry). Within less then six months from this time came another million subscribers, followed by another two million within less then a year from that time. Research shows that from 2004 to 2008, Blackberry phones spread like r...

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian sceptical Essay

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian sceptical challenge - Essay Example The general argument is that knowledge needs justification (Striker, 72). However, the Pyrhhonian skeptical challenge presents a totally different opinion, which in itself does not reject that knowledge requires justification, but rather offers that the only true way is to remain non-judgmental (Casey, n.p.). Thus, it can simply bee said that the Pyrhhonian sceptical challenge was inspired by ethical concerns, which holds that it is not right to judge that a person does not know, since such a person may not even that he does not know, and thus he might know something after all (Burnyeat, 133). The fundamental principle of the Pyrrhonian Skepticism is that in matters of opinion, observing quietude is noble, while in matters concerning things that are unavoidable, adapting moderate feelings is the most appropriate approach. The essence behind this principle of Pyrrhonian Skepticism is that; a person, who spends his entire life giving opinions regarding anything that is in nature as eit her good or bad, spends his entire life in a disquiet state (Striker, 77). The disquiet in the life a person who keeps categorizing the things off nature as either good or bad emanates from the fact that such a person keeps avoiding the things he considers to be bad in life, while at the same time chasing the things he considers good, yet spending all his energy in trying to avoid losing the goods he considers good, which he has already achieved (Burnyeat, 135). On the contrary, a person who neither opines on anything as either good or bad does not shun or pursue anything eagerly, which then means such a person is unperturbed in life (Striker, 71).

Work, privacy, and autonomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Work, privacy, and autonomy - Essay Example Privacy, on the other hand, involves two things. First is control of information about ones self, and the other, some control over who can experience or observe the person. An example given is that privacy in relation to a spouse is different from privacy in relation to an employer. As proposed by Kupfer, privacy and autonomy are related to each other in that autonomy requires an awareness of control over one’s relationship with others, which is part of the essence of personal choice. Privacy contributes to autonomy because it provides he individual control over whether or not he/she will allow somebody else to be part of his/her experiences. Further, Lippke and Kupfer argue that autonomous individuals are those that have the capacity for it, a developed autonomous self-concept. If the individual cannot develop his autonomous self-concept, then he/she is not autonomous. Lack of privacy prevents or inhibits the development of such autonomous self-concept. I agree that both autonomy and privacy are valuable. Autonomy can be likened to a person’s independence or capacity for independent choices. Like in the relationship of a parent and child, it is deemed necessary for the parent to develop independence in a child as part of the preparation for responsible adulthood. And among the ways of nurturing this independence, aside from a parent’s mentoring, is by respecting the growing child increasing rights to privacy. In the workplace, I believe that the employees’ rights to privacy must be maintained and upheld. After all, there are advantages to both employee and employer by maintaining employee autonomy. Most organizations today desire employees who are initiative, resourceful and require minimal supervision. However, the scope of employee privacy rights in the workplace needs to be defined and accepted by both employer and employee as part of the exercise of freedom of contract. 2. Relying on a contractual model of

Ipp Group Of Companies Background Business Essay

Ipp Group Of Companies Background Business Essay IPP is a private own group of companies which was established by Mr. Reginald Mengi, since 1980s after serving as Chairman and Managing Partner of Coopers Lybrand in Tanzania. The IPP group was stated as a small scale, hand operated ball point pen assembly plant in Dar es Salaam and has now expanded and diversify to become of largest industrial groups in East Africa. The company comprises four core divisions namely: Media Beverages Household and Beauty care Minerals Prospecting and Mining IPP MEDIA IPP Media is one of leading East Africas largest Media conglomerates. IPP Media is a private company, held under IPP Group and based in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. IPP Media comprises nine newspapers, which are published daily in both English(The Guardian, Sunday observer, financial times and This day) and Swahili are (Taifa letu, Nipashe, Majira, Lete raha) also has three television stations namely (ITV, EATV and Capital television), and three radio stations (Radio One, Capital FM and East Africa radio). IPP Media is also a wide content provider for East African news on the Internet via its web site www. ippmedia.com. . BEVERAGES Water Bottled on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro at Shirimatunda area, Kilimanjaro Pure Drinking Water is the leading water brand in Tanzania. In order to meet its growing demand while maintaining its international packaging standards, IPP is currently installing a cutting edge PET bottle blowing / filling line which will triple its bottling capacity. Soft drinks IPP holds the franchise for Coca Cola carbonated soft drinks brands:- Coca Cola, Fanta Orange, Sprite, Fanta Passion, Fanta Pineapple, Fanta Black Currant, Sparletta Citrus, Sparletta Classic, Sparletta Pinenut, Stoney Tangawizi, Krest, Bitter Lemon, Krest Ginger Ale, Krest Tonic Water and Krest Club Soda. Over the years, numerous quality awards of gold and silver medals have been won bearing witness to the seriousness and importance attached to quality. Beer Carlsberg; Probably the best beer in the World. IPP is the sole importer and distributor of Carlsberg, the internationally known premium larger. Spirits Several brands are professionally blended and packed to meet national and international quality standards; these brands include, the exotic spirits of Hakuna Matata, Zanzibar Desire and Kilimanjaro Ecstasy describe local fundamental nature, aroma and taste and promise pleasure to all palates. IPP Households and beauty: Body soaps IPP is involved in the manufacturing and distribution of a number of leading soap brands including REVOLA, Tanzanias foremost beauty soap. It also manufactures and distributes under license the GIV Beauty Soap from PT. Wings Surya (Indonesia). A fully-fledged laboratory ensures the highest quality standards for its products. Body soap products are readily available throughout Tanzania, via a strong network of own depots, agents and distributors. Export markets include Congo, Zambia and Burundi. Detergents TESA ULTRA WASHING POWDER, one of the leading and most widely used brands in East and Central Africa. Under IPP Minerals and Prospecting category there are: Mining, cutting, polishing IPP carries on the business of mining, cutting, faceting and polishing of precious stones and uses modern state of the art equipment manned by very skilled staff. Precious stones cut and polished include Tanzanite, Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald and Alexandrite. The cut and polished gemstones cater to the needs of the Tanzanian market and for exports worldwide. Prospecting Currently prospecting for Diamonds, Gold and Platinum in various concessions within Tanzania. ORGANISATION STRATEGIES Rigorous performance and financial management. Integrity, honesty and moral standards. Continuous product research, innovation and product quality. Responsible corporate citizen. Making a real and sustainable difference in markets in which IPP has business interests. Human capital development. Unparalleled service excellence. VISION To be the worlds most admired diversified company with regard to employee and customer satisfaction. MISSION Ability to spot and harness opportunities Employee satisfaction Competent leadership and management Business innovation and creativity Service excellence ORGANISATION STRUCTURE According to Mullins, (2005:596) Structure is the pattern of relationships among positions in the organisation and among members of the organisation. Structure makes possible the application of the process of management and creates framework of order and command through which the activities of the organisation can be planned, organised, directed and controlled. The structure defines tasks and responsibilities, work roles and relationships, and channels of communications. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE FOLLOWED BY THE IPP GROUP The IPP group of companies has cloned its organization structure from Organic according to the nature of the business. The Organic is very flexible and it has enabled the company to run all kinds of business effectively .This is due to the decentralization approach applied, where some decision making are carried out by heads of department rather than top management.. For the case of IPP groups channel of communication, is highly structured and is open to allow flow of information in all level within the company. The IPP group has. Organic structure which is flexible in attaining its objectives such that: It supports innovation It is free more adaptable to the organization to changing circumstances Channel of communication are open with free flow of information throughout organization. Operating style allow to vary freely Authority for decision making based on the expertise of individual in all division of work More consensual and more loosely controlled It emphasis on getting things done and un constrained by formally laid down procedures In case o decision making is made in participation and group consensus ORGANISATION CULTURE According to Cook, C et al (1997, p 112) defined organization culture as the fundamental assumption people share about an organizations values , beliefs, norms, symbols, language , rituals and myths. All of the expressive elements that gives meaning to organization membership and are accepted as guide to behavior. The following are the IPP group organization culture. Transparency- IPP group of companies encourage transparency to its operations from its core divisions of media (Radio, television, investigative news from news papers) Symbols- the IPP group of companies has a status symbol that communicate social position and pecking order in hierarchy, and their Grandness gives a good indicator about how much importance is attached to hierarchy as an organization principle Rites and Ceremonies- it is carried on during retirement and farewell parties and can be used as a sign of a happy family as well ritual of taking a new comer around and introducing the person to new colleague Power Culture: A power culture found in IPP group relies on Trust, empathy, and personal communication for effectiveness. Task Culture: This seeks to bring together the right resources and people and utilize the unifying power of the IPP group. They also have unique and robust culture of entrepreneurial team work and strategic focus. ORGANISATION BEHAVIOR According to Cook, C et al (1997 p 9) defined organizational behavior as behaviors of individuals and groups within an organization, and the interactions between the organization and environmental forces. The IPP group of company has the responsibility to create conducive working environment that are excellent for both employees and organization. THE IPP EMPLOYEES The people who work for IPP are the cornerstone of companys success. The group is also committed to not only receiving value from employees, but also delivering value to them. To this end IPP group systematically implement a company-wide system aimed at fostering an inspiring and caring environment. Through teamwork and communication, the goal is to harness the exceptional intellectual capital they already have within the organization and provide an opportunity for this to be recognized, rewarded and fulfilled. CUSTOMERS The group continues to seek innovative ways to understand the needs of its potential customers who they see as their business partners. Through their internal and external service excellence chain, they have always managed to come up with solutions that meet their business partners needs. IPPs success is evident in market leadership in the sectors in which they operate. SWOT analysis SWOT ANALYSIS FOR IPP GROUP OF COMPANY Strengths Availability of latest technology which meet the need of the organization Good infrastructure that cater demand for production- warehouses, offices, transportation, communication system Availability of skilled labors Wide range of products Good distribution system through deport and agents Well known brand names example coca cola, Kilimanjaro pure drinking water, the guardian news paper, and local news paper like majira, nipashe etc Weaknesses Unpredictable and seasonal market Weak collaboration and networking Inadequate support from government Shortage of resources and equipments Shortage of expertise Lack of job security Opportunities High local demand of information Larger regional and international markets Financial access from financial institutions Political stability Availability of training institution to train staff Availability of broadcasting Act and Policy Threats Other competitors in the market Frequently technological change Natural disasters Conflict between the Government and IPP Media (political conflict) Outdated law governing media sectors Brain drain Constraints: IPP group of companies faces the following constraints: Market constraints: IPP group of companies faces market challenges from other competitor who are in the market doing the same business. Also the market forces caused by demand and supply as well the change of price due to currency stability. Technological constraints: rapid change of technology is one of the challenges which the IPP group is facing in today world. If the company is unable to cope with changes of technology this will cause the inability to compete in the market in terms of production of quality product. Financial constraints: Poor allocation of fund and poor budgeting (under budgeting and over budgeting). Prioritization and allocation of resources are to be allocated in highly demand area within the organization. Legal constraints: the new introduced policy which may hinder the companys activities as well the outdated policy which does not favor the operation of the organization. Organisation Competitors IPP group of companies have many competitors in its market, from media, beverages, and in mining division. These competitors include Media competitors Global Publishers Ltd, Habari Corporation, Business Times, Mwananchi Communication, Sahara Communication Ltd and Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC). Beverages Competitors Bakhresa Group of Companies, Nyanza Bottles Mining Competitors Tanzanite One and Barrick Gold Mining Ltd BARRIERS TO MANAGING CHANGE People tend to be resistant to change. It is important therefore for management of IPP Group to understand the reasons for, and nature of, resistance and to adopt a clearly defined strategy for the initiation of change. Barriers to Managing Change in IPP Group are Organisation Culture Once the organisation culture change suddenly it hinders the process of managing change as people within the organisation are not read to accept any change due to fear of loosing their job, positions, demotion. Economic Implications. Employees of IPP are likely to resist change which is consider as threat to their direct and in direct pay or other rewards. Some times changes increase levels of work for the same levels of payments. Past contract or agreement. IPP entered into contracts or agreements with other parties, such as (Coca cola companies).Theses contracts and agreement can limit changes in behaviours like operating under special license or permit or fixed price contract to supply goods/services to a Government agencies. STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME BARRIERS TO MANAGING CHANGE The following are proposed strategies to overcome barriers to Managing Change. Education and Communication This will help staffs to learn the reason for the change, how it will take form, and the likely consequences will be. Communication is required to reduce anxiety and ensure that staffs understand what is happening, what will be the expected of them and how they will be supported in adopting to change. Participation and Involvement The Management of IPP Groups should encourage those involved in designing and implementation of changes in order to give out their ideas and foster commitment. Participation increases understanding, enhances feelings of control, minimise uncertainty, and promote a feeling of ownership when change directly affect staffs. If people within the organisation are involved about bringing change it is difficult for them to resist. Facilitation and Support Whenever there are changes, IPP Group Management should encourage, support, counsel, train and provide resources to help those affected by change to cope with new requirements. Through facilitation and support, managers have a better chance of bringing the change and commitment to make it work. Negotiation and Agreement During powerful resistance on implementing changes, management of IPP Group should negotiate and agree with staff through their representatives on how to implement changes. Conclusion: IPP group of companies is still progressing despite of challenges from competitors and market forces. Proper allocation of resources that is human resources, operation resources, financial resources and raw materials is required to be improved through improved through imposing changes in terms of organisation Culture and Change Management. Developing strategies that will lead to better change. MEDIA BEVERAGES HOUSEHOLDS AND BEAUTY CARE STRATEGIC VENTURES MINERALS PROSPECTING AND MINING

Gender Studies in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights Essay -- Wuthering

Gender Studies in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights  Ã‚   Gender played an important role in the style of writing known as "Gothic". Traditional stereotypes were often broken. Men were not always portrayed as dominant, strong, rational or masculine. Likewise, women were not always portrayed as weak, submissive, irrational, or feminine. This essay will take a look at the relationship between Catherine and Edgar Linton in Emily Brà ¶nte's Wuthering Heights. We will take a look at how their characters are portrayed, how this affected their marriage, and how each character retained some of the traits attributed to their gender. Catherine's character will be examined first, since she is one of the main characters in the book. Catherine was not your typical sweet, caring, angelic little girl. Ellen describes her by saying, "Her spirits were always at high-water mark, her tongue always going--singing, laughing, and plaguing everybody who would not do the same. A wild, wicked slip she was-" (p.32), and, " In play, she liked, exceedingly, to act the little mistress; using her hands freely, and commanding her companions: she did so to me, but I would not bear slapping and ordering; so I let her know."(p.33). From these two descriptions of Catherine, it seems she was always testing her limits, not at all submissive. Even as a child she had a strong mind that would not easily be swayed. It is obvious that Catherine was dominant and even domineering, an example of this would be the way she continually ordered her playmates around and by resorting to physical abuse to get them to do what she wanted them to do. Later in the book Catherine described herself as a child by saying she was "half savage, and hardy, and free"(p.97). Edgar's chi... ...ar gave up his judicial office, stopped attending church, and did not go anywhere anymore. So he assumed the wife's role by staying home and raising his child, and that was Catherine's final show of dominance. Edgar and Catherine had a complex relationship. Each went into the marriage for different reasons. Edgar thought he loved her but only loved an idealized version of her, and Catherine married him to help the man she truly loved, Heathcliff. He thought she was perfect, she thought he was weak and easy to control. Eventually, these idealizations faded away. Throughout their relationship, Catherine and Edgar switched gender roles. While they did switch roles, each one managed to keep traits that were attributed to their own gender at that time. Works Cited: Berg, Maggie. Wuthering Heights: The Writings in the Margin. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1996.

Cartoon Channels Essay

With the advent of satellite broadcasting technology during the mid 1970’s it became possible for Television networks to air their programs all over the world. By the 1980’s, Television established itself as a powerful medium of communication and new strategies were devised by television companies to stay ahead in the game. One such strategy was the development of programmes that targeted specific sections of the community. A few of the television channels decided to focus on children and began developing programmes that would appeal to them. It was to leverage this niche market that channels like Cartoon Network came into existence. It was launched in October 1992 in the US by one of the world’s leading media companies, Turner Broadcasting System. It offered animation programmes from TBS’s extensive library of more than 10,000 Warner Bros, Hanna-Barbera and MGM cartoons. Over the next few years the channel launched in different parts of the globe showing not only their famous cartoons, but also developing original shows. Cartoon Network entered India in October 1995, sharing airtime with Turner Network Television (TNT). As the pioneer in the Indian cartoon and animation market, Cartoon Network quickly gained popularity and had a huge fan base in the metropolitan cities. When Cartoon Network entered India, there were no established players and it was not very difficult for the Network to entrench itself in the minds of the children and register itself as a channel synonymous with cartoons. It established itself very quickly as a major player in the Indian satellite Television market and became a household name. In the 1990’s the entry of other leading children’s channels like Kermit and Nickelodeon created intense competition and Cartoon Network had to rethink their strategy to stay ahead in the game in the Indian cartoon market. The strategy that it worked out was the emphasis on ‘localization’. It localized the content by dubbing its cartoons first in Hindi to appeal to the Hindi-speaking audiences and then taking its localization efforts further it introduced Tamil-dubbed shows in 2000. The first dubbed programme was ‘Toon Tamasha’ and very soon it started offering localized versions of its popular cartoons. Localization is the key to success in television programming. Localizing the content to suit the needs and tastes of the audiences is the key to garner more viewership and television rating points. When Cartoon Network introduced Tamil-dubbed shows, Kathy McClaure, Vice President Programming, Turner Network, Asia, said, â€Å"The bringing in of Tamil-dubbed cartoons is to further reinforce Cartoon Network’s commitment to bring localized programming. † Some of cartoon shows that were dubbed in Hindi and Tamil were Scooby Doo, Flintstones, Swat Kats, The Mask, The Addam’s Family, Johnny Quest and Captain Planet. On account of its growing popularity it started its 24-hour non-stop service in July 2001. The 24-hour service was part of the channels global strategic mission to place cartoons and animation in level with general entertainment that appealed not just to the children but to the adults also. Today the appeal of cartoon network is not just to children between 4 and 14 years, but also to the teenagers and adults who constitute 30 to 40% of the channel’s viewership. Cartoon Network in India is the most popular cartoon dedicated television channel in India. Chutti TV was launched on April 19, 2007 and is a 24-hour Tamil language television channel owned by the Sun Network. It is Sun TV Network’s first ever television channel for kids. The target audiences are children aged between 3 and 14. It is a free-to-air channel available on most local cable television networks. It broadcasts cartoon shows of foreign countries and networks translated into Tamil. Some of the famous and most popular shows are Jackie Chan, He-Man, Astro Boy, Avatar, Dora the Explorer, Bob Morane, Lucky Luke, Spider Man, Bumba and Danny & Daddy. Disney XD or Disney Channel is another famous cartoon channel and it telecasts cartoons like The Donald Duck Show, Dennis and Gnasher and television shows like Shararat Karishma Ka Karishma, Shaka Laka Boom Boom and many more. The Donald Duck Show is based on the typical Mickey Mouse Series and there are other shows like Chip and Dale, The Rescue Rangers and Dennis the Menance. POGO is a cable and satellite television channel created by Turner Broadcsting, a unit of Time Warner for India, which primarily shows animated programming. It was launched in January 2004 as a children’s entertainment hannel like its sister channel Cartoon Network and its primary target audience is children aged 3+ to young adults aged up to 40. Pogo airs in multiple languages in India. The channel carries a number of popular animated shows as well as live action shows. Turner produces exclusive shows for Pogo under the brand name Pogo Originals. The Music Art and Dance show M. A. D. is India’s No. 1 do-it-yourself show. A super-hit 2D animated series is ‘Chhota Bheem’ which won the Best Animated TV series award at the ‘Golden Cursor Awards 2009 held in Mumbai. Chhota Bheem is produced by Green Gold Animation, Hyderabad.